Reza Pirbhai, Associate Professor of South-Asian Studies at Louisiana State University, in April 2008 piece in the Cambridge (UK) periodical, Modern Intellectual History (vol.5.1, 2008, p.27-53), titled “Demons in Hindutva. Writing a Theology for Hindu Nationalism” writes that ‘reading between the lines’ of the Bharatiya Janata Party’s modern Hindutva politics, he can see that the European Orientalists had invented Hinduism. First the Europeans constructed this ideology with Brahmins as conspirators, and then Vivekananda adopted it, followed by the further developments of Gandhi, Aurobindo, and others. He concludes that Hinduism is one of the youngest religions in the world, being a nineteenth-century production of dubious parentage. Pirbhai reads through Westernized filters and writes with great certainty: “The doctrines and practices presented as ‘Hinduism” by colonial-era Hindu intellectuals and their postcolonial heirs did not exist prior to the British colonization of South Asia. Instead, a vast array of Sanskrit texts, supplemented by variegated vernacular and oral traditions, were the norm.” Source: “Indra’s Net” (page 141) by Rajiv Malhotra